# Russ Shafer-Landau — Courses & Reviews | UW–Madison

[View on UW Courses](https://uwcourses.com/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU)

## Dataset

### revision

e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349

### repository

twangodev/uwcourses

### schema version

6

### importer version

7

### projection id

52a78527ff09011d88cb04c7d43867d9fbfec2930bf1dd2ec359ebd2844e0b07

### observed at

2026-09-07T15:55:43.033547+00:00

### built at

2026-09-10T19:50:42.743001+00:00

### courses

8951

### current instructors

5754

### limited

false

### terms

* 1272
* 1264
* 1262
* 1254
* 1252
* 1244
* 1242
* 1234
* 1232
* 1224
* 1222
* 1212
* 1204
* 1202
* 1194
* 1192
* 1184
* 1182
* 1174
* 1172
* 1164
* 1162
* 1154
* 1152
* 1144
* 1142
* 1134
* 1132
* 1124
* 1122
* 1114
* 1112
* 1104
* 1102
* 1094
* 1092
* 1084
* 1082
* 1074
* 1072

### term

1272

### departments

| subject   | count |
| --------- | ----- |
| AAE       | 90    |
| ABT       | 20    |
| ACCTIS    | 36    |
| ACTSCI    | 14    |
| AFAERO    | 10    |
| AFRICAN   | 87    |
| AFROAMER  | 71    |
| AGROECOL  | 21    |
| AMERIND   | 53    |
| ANAT\&PHY | 7     |
| ANATOMY   | 2     |
| ANESTHES  | 8     |
| ANSCI     | 57    |
| ANTHRO    | 95    |
| ART       | 125   |
| ARTED     | 10    |
| ARTHIST   | 121   |
| ASIALANG  | 129   |
| ASIAN     | 109   |
| ASIANAM   | 28    |
| ASTRON    | 38    |
| ATMOCN    | 69    |
| BIOCHEM   | 51    |
| BIOCORE   | 10    |
| BIOLOGY   | 14    |
| BIOMDSCI  | 18    |
| BME       | 66    |
| BMI       | 41    |
| BMOLCHEM  | 10    |
| BOTANY    | 69    |
| BSE       | 44    |
| C\&ESOC   | 73    |
| CBE       | 48    |
| CHEM      | 101   |
| CHICLA    | 52    |
| CIVENGR   | 133   |
| CLASSICS  | 47    |
| CNP       | 10    |
| CNSRSCI   | 50    |
| COMARTS   | 137   |
| COMPBIO   | 15    |
| COMPLIT   | 11    |
| COMPSCI   | 138   |
| COUNPSY   | 78    |
| CRB       | 19    |
| CS\&D     | 71    |
| CSCS      | 40    |
| CURRIC    | 193   |
| DANCE     | 93    |
| DERM      | 8     |
| DS        | 88    |
| DYSCI     | 35    |
| ECE       | 155   |
| ECON      | 145   |
| EDPOL     | 114   |
| EDPSYCH   | 97    |
| ELPA      | 70    |
| EMA       | 53    |
| EMERMED   | 17    |
| ENGL      | 206   |
| ENTOM     | 40    |
| ENVIRST   | 148   |
| EP        | 15    |
| EPD       | 67    |
| ESL       | 16    |
| F\&WECOL  | 60    |
| FAMMED    | 22    |
| FINANCE   | 50    |
| FOLKLORE  | 40    |
| FOODSCI   | 43    |
| FRENCH    | 63    |
| GEN\&WS   | 145   |
| GENBUS    | 72    |
| GENECSLR  | 17    |
| GENETICS  | 60    |
| GEOG      | 113   |
| GEOSCI    | 83    |
| GERMAN    | 82    |
| GLE       | 48    |
| GNS       | 38    |
| GREEK     | 27    |
| HDFS      | 41    |
| HEBR-BIB  | 13    |
| HEBR-MOD  | 10    |
| HISTORY   | 233   |
| HISTSCI   | 56    |
| HONCOL    | 13    |
| ILS       | 43    |
| INFOSYS   | 9     |
| INTEGART  | 7     |
| INTEGSCI  | 22    |
| INTER-AG  | 18    |
| INTER-HE  | 11    |
| INTER-LS  | 22    |
| INTEREGR  | 16    |
| INTLBUS   | 21    |
| INTLST    | 50    |
| ISYE      | 83    |
| ITALIAN   | 53    |
| JEWISH    | 56    |
| JOURN     | 88    |
| KINES     | 128   |
| LACIS     | 26    |
| LANDARC   | 61    |
| LATIN     | 24    |
| LAW       | 120   |
| LEGALST   | 48    |
| LINGUIS   | 35    |
| LIS       | 89    |
| LITTRANS  | 78    |
| LSC       | 52    |
| M\&ENVTOX | 7     |
| MARKETNG  | 62    |
| MATH      | 153   |
| MDGENET   | 8     |
| ME        | 130   |
| MEDHIST   | 43    |
| MEDICINE  | 60    |
| MEDIEVAL  | 32    |
| MEDPHYS   | 39    |
| MEDSC-M   | 29    |
| MEDSC-V   | 41    |
| MHR       | 68    |
| MICROBIO  | 45    |
| MILSCI    | 16    |
| MM\&I     | 22    |
| MOLBIOL   | 6     |
| MS\&E     | 59    |
| MUSIC     | 165   |
| MUSPERF   | 126   |
| NAVSCI    | 20    |
| NE        | 44    |
| NEURODPT  | 11    |
| NEUROL    | 7     |
| NEURSURG  | 4     |
| NTP       | 11    |
| NURSING   | 111   |
| NUTRSCI   | 65    |
| OBS\&GYN  | 18    |
| OCCTHER   | 39    |
| ONCOLOGY  | 14    |
| OPHTHALM  | 5     |
| OTM       | 43    |
| PATH      | 34    |
| PATH-BIO  | 29    |
| PEDIAT    | 26    |
| PHARMACY  | 31    |
| PHILOS    | 77    |
| PHMCOL-M  | 11    |
| PHMPRAC   | 45    |
| PHMSCI    | 60    |
| PHYASST   | 37    |
| PHYSICS   | 88    |
| PHYSIOL   | 3     |
| PHYTHER   | 37    |
| PLANTSCI  | 52    |
| PLPATH    | 35    |
| POLISCI   | 192   |
| POPHLTH   | 58    |
| PORTUG    | 33    |
| PSYCH     | 101   |
| PSYCHIAT  | 22    |
| PUBAFFR   | 54    |
| PUBLHLTH  | 23    |
| RADIOL    | 11    |
| REALEST   | 41    |
| RELIGST   | 90    |
| RHABMED   | 9     |
| RMI       | 24    |
| RP\&SE    | 102   |
| S\&APHM   | 17    |
| SCANDST   | 73    |
| SLAVIC    | 89    |
| SOC       | 149   |
| SOCWORK   | 87    |
| SOILSCI   | 46    |
| SPANISH   | 83    |
| SRMED     | 21    |
| STAT      | 94    |
| STDYABRD  | 52    |
| STS       | 8     |
| SURGERY   | 25    |
| SURGSCI   | 33    |
| THEATRE   | 91    |
| URBRPL    | 60    |
| UROLOGY   | 5     |
| ZOOLOGY   | 89    |

## instructor

### instructor uid

instructor\_010858ea8245015bb743ad89

### source

enrollment

### source instructor id

shaferlandau

### identity basis

netid

### identity status

source\_identified

### name

Russ Shafer-Landau

### email

SHAFERLANDAU\@WISC.EDU

### first observed at

2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00

### last observed at

2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00

### ratings

#### review count

52

#### quality

4.52

#### difficulty

2.44

#### quality count

52

#### difficulty count

52

#### profile id

rmp:542496

#### source url

<https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496>

#### match basis

exact\_name

#### observed at

2026-09-07 16:08:51.802438+00:00

#### courses

##### course eea85533574086c8566255b9

###### review count

1

###### quality

5

###### difficulty

3

###### quality count

1

###### difficulty count

1

##### course badd2b5c09509247a930e344

###### review count

1

###### quality

5

###### difficulty

1

###### quality count

1

###### difficulty count

1

#### bayesian quality

4.281023828762943

#### prior mean

3.6596857835465957

#### prior weight

20

### current

true

### courses

| course\_uid                      | course\_id | title                   | credits\_min | credits\_max | gpa   |
| -------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ----- |
| course\_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3 | PHILOS 990 | RESEARCH AND THESIS     | 2            | 9            |       |
| course\_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076 | PHILOS 699 | DIRECTED STUDY          | 2            | 3            |       |
| course\_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556 | PHILOS 999 | INDEPENDENT WORK        | 2            | 9            | 4     |
| course\_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280 | PHILOS 682 | SENIOR HONORS THESIS    | 3            | 3            | 4     |
| course\_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810 | PHILOS 681 | SENIOR HONORS THESIS    | 1            | 3            |       |
| course\_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474 | PHILOS 599 | DIRECTED STUDY          | 1            | 3            | 4     |
| course\_badd2b5c09509247a930e344 | PHILOS 241 | INTRODUCTORY ETHICS     | 3            | 4            | 3.488 |
| course\_e139c500f088e3cc2863568e | PHILOS 541 | MODERN ETHICAL THEORIES | 3            | 3            | 3.535 |
| course\_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b | PHILOS 799 | DIRECTED STUDY          | 1            | 3            |       |

### revision

e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349

### instructor url

/instructors/RUSS\_SHAFER-LANDAU

## history

| term | course\_uid                      | course\_id | title                   |
| ---- | -------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------- |
| 1272 | course\_badd2b5c09509247a930e344 | PHILOS 241 | INTRODUCTORY ETHICS     |
| 1272 | course\_e139c500f088e3cc2863568e | PHILOS 541 | MODERN ETHICAL THEORIES |
| 1272 | course\_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474 | PHILOS 599 | DIRECTED STUDY          |
| 1272 | course\_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810 | PHILOS 681 | SENIOR HONORS THESIS    |
| 1272 | course\_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280 | PHILOS 682 | SENIOR HONORS THESIS    |
| 1272 | course\_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076 | PHILOS 699 | DIRECTED STUDY          |
| 1272 | course\_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b | PHILOS 799 | DIRECTED STUDY          |
| 1272 | course\_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3 | PHILOS 990 | RESEARCH AND THESIS     |
| 1272 | course\_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556 | PHILOS 999 | INDEPENDENT WORK        |

## timeline

| term | courses |
| ---- | ------- |
| 1272 | 9       |

## term

1272

## courses

```json
[
  {
    "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 241",
    "title": "INTRODUCTORY ETHICS",
    "credits_min": 3,
    "credits_max": 4,
    "gpa": 3.488,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "grade-outcomes",
        "label": "Higher grades",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Spring 2026 · latest released grades before Fall 2026: 3.90 GPA across 195 letter grades, versus 3.62 for UW–Madison (1283 courses). Requires a difference of at least 0.20 and 30 letter grades. Historical outcomes, not predicted difficulty.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "Grade history and sources",
            "href": "/courses/PHILOS_241#grades"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "Covers moral problems, ethical theory, skepticism, and practical ethics.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          1488,
          539,
          220,
          54,
          39,
          20,
          12
        ],
        "count": 2372,
        "gpa": 3.681070826306914,
        "topShare": 85.45531197301855,
        "firstTerm": "1224",
        "lastTerm": "1264"
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
          "uid": "instructor_09abe3ef0b82de25ac951641",
          "name": "Angelina Alvarez-Carrera",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANGELINA_ALVAREZ-CARRERA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
          "uid": "instructor_27ad4c30890e69ab638e9604",
          "name": "Avery Orr",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/AVERY_ORR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
          "uid": "instructor_e36586ff1ce5d9f82bf1ddc9",
          "name": "Sophia Dandelet",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/SOPHIA_DANDELET"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344",
          "uid": "instructor_970e24a90bebb8cc335287b6",
          "name": "Tashmia Sabera",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/TASHMIA_SABERA"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": {
        "citations": [
          {
            "instructor_name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "review_date": "2006-05-08 17:13:57 +0000 UTC",
            "review_id": "60177d52a0f88a392c5b8a9b",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "source_instructor_id": "rmp:542496",
            "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTExODQ2NDE5",
            "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496",
            "type": "review"
          }
        ],
        "text": "Russ Shafer-Landau is described as helpful and engaging, presenting information in an interesting manner without forcing views. He provides test questions in advance and selects from them, allowing attentive students to skip readings."
      },
      "reviewFiles": [
        "/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/reviews/course_badd2b5c09509247a930e344-0.json"
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_e139c500f088e3cc2863568e",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 541",
    "title": "MODERN ETHICAL THEORIES",
    "credits_min": 3,
    "credits_max": 3,
    "gpa": 3.535,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "lecture-size",
        "label": "Small lectures",
        "tone": "neutral",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: median 20.5 enrolled students across 2 recorded lecture sections. Small means 30 or fewer; large means 100 or more. Enrollment at scan time, not capacity or typical historical attendance.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "Sections and enrollment",
            "href": "/courses/PHILOS_541#schedule"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 541 explores ethical theories and problems from the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          172,
          47,
          30,
          13,
          4,
          1,
          2
        ],
        "count": 269,
        "gpa": 3.657992565055762,
        "topShare": 81.41263940520446,
        "firstTerm": "1224",
        "lastTerm": "1264"
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_e139c500f088e3cc2863568e",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_e139c500f088e3cc2863568e",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": {
        "citations": [
          {
            "course_id": "PHILOS 541",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "section_number": 1,
            "source_course_id": "823e8f14-1f41-3e59-8842-1940a6ca7be7",
            "source_record": {
              "entity_id": "823e8f14-1f41-3e59-8842-1940a6ca7be7",
              "file": "tables/observations.parquet",
              "kind": "grades",
              "source": "madgrades"
            },
            "table": "section_grades_latest",
            "term_id": "1144",
            "type": "grade"
          },
          {
            "course_id": "PHILOS 541",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "section_number": 1,
            "source_course_id": "823e8f14-1f41-3e59-8842-1940a6ca7be7",
            "source_record": {
              "entity_id": "823e8f14-1f41-3e59-8842-1940a6ca7be7",
              "file": "tables/observations.parquet",
              "kind": "grades",
              "source": "madgrades"
            },
            "table": "section_grades_latest",
            "term_id": "1182",
            "type": "grade"
          },
          {
            "course_id": "PHILOS 541",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "section_number": 1,
            "source_course_id": "823e8f14-1f41-3e59-8842-1940a6ca7be7",
            "source_record": {
              "entity_id": "823e8f14-1f41-3e59-8842-1940a6ca7be7",
              "file": "tables/observations.parquet",
              "kind": "grades",
              "source": "madgrades"
            },
            "table": "section_grades_latest",
            "term_id": "1244",
            "type": "grade"
          }
        ],
        "text": "Recent recorded grades — Spring 2014: 3.50 GPA, 68.8% A/AB (n=16 letter grades); Fall 2017: 3.26 GPA, 42.9% A/AB (n=21 letter grades); Spring 2024: 2.88 GPA, 29.4% A/AB (n=17 letter grades)."
      },
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 599",
    "title": "DIRECTED STUDY",
    "credits_min": 1,
    "credits_max": 3,
    "gpa": 4,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: James Messina (4.49/5 adjusted; 41 ratings); Larry Shapiro (4.45/5 adjusted; 81 ratings); Steven Nadler (4.38/5 adjusted; 46 ratings); Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Michael Titelbaum (4.28/5 adjusted; 37 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings); Peter Vranas (4.04/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "James Messina",
            "href": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
          },
          {
            "label": "Larry Shapiro",
            "href": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
          },
          {
            "label": "Steven Nadler",
            "href": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
          },
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Michael Titelbaum",
            "href": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          },
          {
            "label": "Peter Vranas",
            "href": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 599 is a directed study course allowing students to pursue independent research or study topics arranged with a faculty member.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          9,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 9,
        "gpa": 4,
        "topShare": 100,
        "firstTerm": "1224",
        "lastTerm": "1264"
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_16f8fe4b6f131823342323d6",
          "name": "James Messina",
          "quality": 4.493339601162819,
          "quality_count": 41,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_d02d1499d7504d65076acea2",
          "name": "Larry Shapiro",
          "quality": 4.445878372979523,
          "quality_count": 81,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_6e6bd14a0a58851d87a1b0b6",
          "name": "Steven Nadler",
          "quality": 4.3847532677413925,
          "quality_count": 46,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_64b1a465fafbbb0acb1a41f6",
          "name": "Michael Titelbaum",
          "quality": 4.283047643349683,
          "quality_count": 37,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_77d9925c5b5538a873ee99a3",
          "name": "Peter Vranas",
          "quality": 4.042690495429611,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_01c3a0c97a405e33b7caada3",
          "name": "Jesse Steinberg",
          "quality": 3.976963304883769,
          "quality_count": 15,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JESSE_STEINBERG"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_cd0723ef8962104e931c2b80",
          "name": "Bruno Whittle",
          "quality": 3.8548428917732975,
          "quality_count": 20,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/BRUNO_WHITTLE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_2888f6829e692d97678f799a",
          "name": "Annina Loets",
          "quality": 3.8252641112403607,
          "quality_count": 13,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNINA_LOETS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_481e7d027d216e74340d06bd",
          "name": "Martha Gibson",
          "quality": 3.746528890116297,
          "quality_count": 74,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MARTHA_GIBSON"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_e8b96304e9a1ede9e5f5bdfd",
          "name": "Sam Roberts",
          "quality": 3.7235102700443767,
          "quality_count": 1,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/SAM_ROBERTS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_2e27d38012ede39bdf36c428",
          "name": "Paula Gottlieb",
          "quality": 3.682845014275147,
          "quality_count": 27,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PAULA_GOTTLIEB"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_896da6e58a92d24711a6a370",
          "name": "Farid Masrour",
          "quality": 3.501602514585476,
          "quality_count": 26,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/FARID_MASROUR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_b1d8d6f6e60e1d7c8484b25a",
          "name": "Elliott Sober",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELLIOTT_SOBER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_97698a6ee4d9ce06a0f4a474",
          "uid": "instructor_d7cdc1292e3879c3eecb87b2",
          "name": "John Mackay",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JOHN_MACKAY"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": null,
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 681",
    "title": "SENIOR HONORS THESIS",
    "credits_min": 1,
    "credits_max": 3,
    "gpa": null,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: James Messina (4.49/5 adjusted; 41 ratings); Larry Shapiro (4.45/5 adjusted; 81 ratings); Steven Nadler (4.38/5 adjusted; 46 ratings); Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Michael Titelbaum (4.28/5 adjusted; 37 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings); Peter Vranas (4.04/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "James Messina",
            "href": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
          },
          {
            "label": "Larry Shapiro",
            "href": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
          },
          {
            "label": "Steven Nadler",
            "href": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
          },
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Michael Titelbaum",
            "href": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          },
          {
            "label": "Peter Vranas",
            "href": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 681 is a mentored study course for senior Philosophy majors to complete honors theses.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_16f8fe4b6f131823342323d6",
          "name": "James Messina",
          "quality": 4.493339601162819,
          "quality_count": 41,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_d02d1499d7504d65076acea2",
          "name": "Larry Shapiro",
          "quality": 4.445878372979523,
          "quality_count": 81,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_6e6bd14a0a58851d87a1b0b6",
          "name": "Steven Nadler",
          "quality": 4.3847532677413925,
          "quality_count": 46,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_64b1a465fafbbb0acb1a41f6",
          "name": "Michael Titelbaum",
          "quality": 4.283047643349683,
          "quality_count": 37,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_77d9925c5b5538a873ee99a3",
          "name": "Peter Vranas",
          "quality": 4.042690495429611,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_01c3a0c97a405e33b7caada3",
          "name": "Jesse Steinberg",
          "quality": 3.976963304883769,
          "quality_count": 15,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JESSE_STEINBERG"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_cd0723ef8962104e931c2b80",
          "name": "Bruno Whittle",
          "quality": 3.8548428917732975,
          "quality_count": 20,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/BRUNO_WHITTLE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_2888f6829e692d97678f799a",
          "name": "Annina Loets",
          "quality": 3.8252641112403607,
          "quality_count": 13,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNINA_LOETS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_7bbfb2e3c3ecdd1e6a9fa3e7",
          "name": "Annette Zimmermann",
          "quality": 3.788478801917079,
          "quality_count": 17,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNETTE_ZIMMERMANN"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_08807cd2ac44bfb0e40a41b3",
          "name": "Alexander Roberts",
          "quality": 3.765300540376962,
          "quality_count": 9,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ALEXANDER_ROBERTS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_481e7d027d216e74340d06bd",
          "name": "Martha Gibson",
          "quality": 3.746528890116297,
          "quality_count": 74,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MARTHA_GIBSON"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_2e27d38012ede39bdf36c428",
          "name": "Paula Gottlieb",
          "quality": 3.682845014275147,
          "quality_count": 27,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PAULA_GOTTLIEB"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_896da6e58a92d24711a6a370",
          "name": "Farid Masrour",
          "quality": 3.501602514585476,
          "quality_count": 26,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/FARID_MASROUR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_0a97473a2b67c95f5f7cc68b",
          "name": "Aja Watkins",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/AJA_WATKINS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_0f03a205f447f6b55f01251f",
          "name": "Elizabeth Brake",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELIZABETH_BRAKE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_b1d8d6f6e60e1d7c8484b25a",
          "name": "Elliott Sober",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELLIOTT_SOBER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_3de0e143212e4712cccb7bcb",
          "name": "Jamie Goodrich",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMIE_GOODRICH"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_d7cdc1292e3879c3eecb87b2",
          "name": "John Mackay",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JOHN_MACKAY"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_5e5a87f73ce273d67355c810",
          "uid": "instructor_78142d2b6f74e24454150c31",
          "name": "Rob Streiffer",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ROB_STREIFFER"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": null,
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 682",
    "title": "SENIOR HONORS THESIS",
    "credits_min": 3,
    "credits_max": 3,
    "gpa": 4,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: James Messina (4.49/5 adjusted; 41 ratings); Larry Shapiro (4.45/5 adjusted; 81 ratings); Steven Nadler (4.38/5 adjusted; 46 ratings); Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Michael Titelbaum (4.28/5 adjusted; 37 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings); Peter Vranas (4.04/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "James Messina",
            "href": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
          },
          {
            "label": "Larry Shapiro",
            "href": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
          },
          {
            "label": "Steven Nadler",
            "href": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
          },
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Michael Titelbaum",
            "href": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          },
          {
            "label": "Peter Vranas",
            "href": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 682 is a mentored study course for seniors completing honors theses in the Philosophy major.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          4,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 4,
        "gpa": 4,
        "topShare": 100,
        "firstTerm": "1224",
        "lastTerm": "1224"
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_16f8fe4b6f131823342323d6",
          "name": "James Messina",
          "quality": 4.493339601162819,
          "quality_count": 41,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_d02d1499d7504d65076acea2",
          "name": "Larry Shapiro",
          "quality": 4.445878372979523,
          "quality_count": 81,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_6e6bd14a0a58851d87a1b0b6",
          "name": "Steven Nadler",
          "quality": 4.3847532677413925,
          "quality_count": 46,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_64b1a465fafbbb0acb1a41f6",
          "name": "Michael Titelbaum",
          "quality": 4.283047643349683,
          "quality_count": 37,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_77d9925c5b5538a873ee99a3",
          "name": "Peter Vranas",
          "quality": 4.042690495429611,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_01c3a0c97a405e33b7caada3",
          "name": "Jesse Steinberg",
          "quality": 3.976963304883769,
          "quality_count": 15,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JESSE_STEINBERG"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_cd0723ef8962104e931c2b80",
          "name": "Bruno Whittle",
          "quality": 3.8548428917732975,
          "quality_count": 20,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/BRUNO_WHITTLE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_7bbfb2e3c3ecdd1e6a9fa3e7",
          "name": "Annette Zimmermann",
          "quality": 3.788478801917079,
          "quality_count": 17,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNETTE_ZIMMERMANN"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_08807cd2ac44bfb0e40a41b3",
          "name": "Alexander Roberts",
          "quality": 3.765300540376962,
          "quality_count": 9,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ALEXANDER_ROBERTS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_481e7d027d216e74340d06bd",
          "name": "Martha Gibson",
          "quality": 3.746528890116297,
          "quality_count": 74,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MARTHA_GIBSON"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_2e27d38012ede39bdf36c428",
          "name": "Paula Gottlieb",
          "quality": 3.682845014275147,
          "quality_count": 27,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PAULA_GOTTLIEB"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_896da6e58a92d24711a6a370",
          "name": "Farid Masrour",
          "quality": 3.501602514585476,
          "quality_count": 26,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/FARID_MASROUR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_b1d8d6f6e60e1d7c8484b25a",
          "name": "Elliott Sober",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELLIOTT_SOBER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_3de0e143212e4712cccb7bcb",
          "name": "Jamie Goodrich",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMIE_GOODRICH"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_d7cdc1292e3879c3eecb87b2",
          "name": "John Mackay",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JOHN_MACKAY"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2c81e4f4233fa57ad8c56280",
          "uid": "instructor_78142d2b6f74e24454150c31",
          "name": "Rob Streiffer",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ROB_STREIFFER"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": null,
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 699",
    "title": "DIRECTED STUDY",
    "credits_min": 2,
    "credits_max": 3,
    "gpa": null,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: James Messina (4.49/5 adjusted; 41 ratings); Larry Shapiro (4.45/5 adjusted; 81 ratings); Steven Nadler (4.38/5 adjusted; 46 ratings); Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Michael Titelbaum (4.28/5 adjusted; 37 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings); Peter Vranas (4.04/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "James Messina",
            "href": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
          },
          {
            "label": "Larry Shapiro",
            "href": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
          },
          {
            "label": "Steven Nadler",
            "href": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
          },
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Michael Titelbaum",
            "href": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          },
          {
            "label": "Peter Vranas",
            "href": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 699 is a directed study course allowing independent research arranged with a faculty member.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_16f8fe4b6f131823342323d6",
          "name": "James Messina",
          "quality": 4.493339601162819,
          "quality_count": 41,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_d02d1499d7504d65076acea2",
          "name": "Larry Shapiro",
          "quality": 4.445878372979523,
          "quality_count": 81,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_6e6bd14a0a58851d87a1b0b6",
          "name": "Steven Nadler",
          "quality": 4.3847532677413925,
          "quality_count": 46,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_64b1a465fafbbb0acb1a41f6",
          "name": "Michael Titelbaum",
          "quality": 4.283047643349683,
          "quality_count": 37,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_77d9925c5b5538a873ee99a3",
          "name": "Peter Vranas",
          "quality": 4.042690495429611,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_01c3a0c97a405e33b7caada3",
          "name": "Jesse Steinberg",
          "quality": 3.976963304883769,
          "quality_count": 15,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JESSE_STEINBERG"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_cd0723ef8962104e931c2b80",
          "name": "Bruno Whittle",
          "quality": 3.8548428917732975,
          "quality_count": 20,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/BRUNO_WHITTLE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_481e7d027d216e74340d06bd",
          "name": "Martha Gibson",
          "quality": 3.746528890116297,
          "quality_count": 74,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MARTHA_GIBSON"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_2e27d38012ede39bdf36c428",
          "name": "Paula Gottlieb",
          "quality": 3.682845014275147,
          "quality_count": 27,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PAULA_GOTTLIEB"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_896da6e58a92d24711a6a370",
          "name": "Farid Masrour",
          "quality": 3.501602514585476,
          "quality_count": 26,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/FARID_MASROUR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_b1d8d6f6e60e1d7c8484b25a",
          "name": "Elliott Sober",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELLIOTT_SOBER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_26e8125a75c5989423cc9076",
          "uid": "instructor_d7cdc1292e3879c3eecb87b2",
          "name": "John Mackay",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JOHN_MACKAY"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": null,
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 799",
    "title": "DIRECTED STUDY",
    "credits_min": 1,
    "credits_max": 3,
    "gpa": null,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: James Messina (4.49/5 adjusted; 41 ratings); Steven Nadler (4.38/5 adjusted; 46 ratings); Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Michael Titelbaum (4.28/5 adjusted; 37 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "James Messina",
            "href": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
          },
          {
            "label": "Steven Nadler",
            "href": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
          },
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Michael Titelbaum",
            "href": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 799 is a directed study course allowing students to conduct independent research or study arranged with a faculty member.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_16f8fe4b6f131823342323d6",
          "name": "James Messina",
          "quality": 4.493339601162819,
          "quality_count": 41,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_6e6bd14a0a58851d87a1b0b6",
          "name": "Steven Nadler",
          "quality": 4.3847532677413925,
          "quality_count": 46,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_64b1a465fafbbb0acb1a41f6",
          "name": "Michael Titelbaum",
          "quality": 4.283047643349683,
          "quality_count": 37,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_01c3a0c97a405e33b7caada3",
          "name": "Jesse Steinberg",
          "quality": 3.976963304883769,
          "quality_count": 15,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JESSE_STEINBERG"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_cd0723ef8962104e931c2b80",
          "name": "Bruno Whittle",
          "quality": 3.8548428917732975,
          "quality_count": 20,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/BRUNO_WHITTLE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_08807cd2ac44bfb0e40a41b3",
          "name": "Alexander Roberts",
          "quality": 3.765300540376962,
          "quality_count": 9,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ALEXANDER_ROBERTS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_896da6e58a92d24711a6a370",
          "name": "Farid Masrour",
          "quality": 3.501602514585476,
          "quality_count": 26,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/FARID_MASROUR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_b1d8d6f6e60e1d7c8484b25a",
          "name": "Elliott Sober",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELLIOTT_SOBER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_fc7f51f78b28005b0e94585b",
          "uid": "instructor_3de0e143212e4712cccb7bcb",
          "name": "Jamie Goodrich",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMIE_GOODRICH"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": null,
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 990",
    "title": "RESEARCH AND THESIS",
    "credits_min": 2,
    "credits_max": 9,
    "gpa": null,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: James Messina (4.49/5 adjusted; 41 ratings); Larry Shapiro (4.45/5 adjusted; 81 ratings); Steven Nadler (4.38/5 adjusted; 46 ratings); Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Michael Titelbaum (4.28/5 adjusted; 37 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings); Peter Vranas (4.04/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "James Messina",
            "href": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
          },
          {
            "label": "Larry Shapiro",
            "href": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
          },
          {
            "label": "Steven Nadler",
            "href": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
          },
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Michael Titelbaum",
            "href": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          },
          {
            "label": "Peter Vranas",
            "href": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 990 is a graduate research and thesis course involving individual mentored study arranged with a faculty member.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_16f8fe4b6f131823342323d6",
          "name": "James Messina",
          "quality": 4.493339601162819,
          "quality_count": 41,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_d02d1499d7504d65076acea2",
          "name": "Larry Shapiro",
          "quality": 4.445878372979523,
          "quality_count": 81,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_6e6bd14a0a58851d87a1b0b6",
          "name": "Steven Nadler",
          "quality": 4.3847532677413925,
          "quality_count": 46,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_64b1a465fafbbb0acb1a41f6",
          "name": "Michael Titelbaum",
          "quality": 4.283047643349683,
          "quality_count": 37,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_77d9925c5b5538a873ee99a3",
          "name": "Peter Vranas",
          "quality": 4.042690495429611,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_01c3a0c97a405e33b7caada3",
          "name": "Jesse Steinberg",
          "quality": 3.976963304883769,
          "quality_count": 15,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JESSE_STEINBERG"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_cd0723ef8962104e931c2b80",
          "name": "Bruno Whittle",
          "quality": 3.8548428917732975,
          "quality_count": 20,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/BRUNO_WHITTLE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_2888f6829e692d97678f799a",
          "name": "Annina Loets",
          "quality": 3.8252641112403607,
          "quality_count": 13,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNINA_LOETS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_7bbfb2e3c3ecdd1e6a9fa3e7",
          "name": "Annette Zimmermann",
          "quality": 3.788478801917079,
          "quality_count": 17,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNETTE_ZIMMERMANN"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_c48098ca387a2eedac71f822",
          "name": "Alexander Meehan",
          "quality": 3.7677486268372764,
          "quality_count": 5,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ALEXANDER_MEEHAN"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_08807cd2ac44bfb0e40a41b3",
          "name": "Alexander Roberts",
          "quality": 3.765300540376962,
          "quality_count": 9,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ALEXANDER_ROBERTS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_481e7d027d216e74340d06bd",
          "name": "Martha Gibson",
          "quality": 3.746528890116297,
          "quality_count": 74,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MARTHA_GIBSON"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_2e27d38012ede39bdf36c428",
          "name": "Paula Gottlieb",
          "quality": 3.682845014275147,
          "quality_count": 27,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PAULA_GOTTLIEB"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_896da6e58a92d24711a6a370",
          "name": "Farid Masrour",
          "quality": 3.501602514585476,
          "quality_count": 26,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/FARID_MASROUR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_0a97473a2b67c95f5f7cc68b",
          "name": "Aja Watkins",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/AJA_WATKINS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_0f03a205f447f6b55f01251f",
          "name": "Elizabeth Brake",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELIZABETH_BRAKE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_b1d8d6f6e60e1d7c8484b25a",
          "name": "Elliott Sober",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELLIOTT_SOBER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_e39149f0f2d81ed7d47ba445",
          "name": "J. Kelleher",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/J_KELLEHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_3de0e143212e4712cccb7bcb",
          "name": "Jamie Goodrich",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMIE_GOODRICH"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_d7cdc1292e3879c3eecb87b2",
          "name": "John Mackay",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JOHN_MACKAY"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_2669442b26c0a7866da3daa3",
          "uid": "instructor_78142d2b6f74e24454150c31",
          "name": "Rob Streiffer",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ROB_STREIFFER"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": null,
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  },
  {
    "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
    "course_id": "PHILOS 999",
    "title": "INDEPENDENT WORK",
    "credits_min": 2,
    "credits_max": 9,
    "gpa": 4,
    "badges": [
      {
        "id": "rated-teacher",
        "label": "Highly rated instructor",
        "tone": "positive",
        "evidence": "Fall 2026: James Messina (4.49/5 adjusted; 41 ratings); Larry Shapiro (4.45/5 adjusted; 81 ratings); Steven Nadler (4.38/5 adjusted; 46 ratings); Harry Brighouse (4.32/5 adjusted; 53 ratings); Michael Titelbaum (4.28/5 adjusted; 37 ratings); Russ Shafer-Landau (4.28/5 adjusted; 52 ratings); Peter Vranas (4.04/5 adjusted; 52 ratings). At least one assigned instructor qualifies. This describes instructor reviews across courses, not a course rating.",
        "sources": [
          {
            "label": "James Messina",
            "href": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
          },
          {
            "label": "Larry Shapiro",
            "href": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
          },
          {
            "label": "Steven Nadler",
            "href": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
          },
          {
            "label": "Harry Brighouse",
            "href": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
          },
          {
            "label": "Michael Titelbaum",
            "href": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
          },
          {
            "label": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
            "href": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
          },
          {
            "label": "Peter Vranas",
            "href": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "description": "PHILOS 999 is an individual mentored study course for graduate students arranged with a faculty member.",
    "discovery": {
      "term": "1272",
      "offered": true,
      "history": {
        "counts": [
          4,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 4,
        "gpa": 4,
        "topShare": 100,
        "firstTerm": "1224",
        "lastTerm": "1224"
      },
      "instructors": [
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_16f8fe4b6f131823342323d6",
          "name": "James Messina",
          "quality": 4.493339601162819,
          "quality_count": 41,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMES_MESSINA"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_d02d1499d7504d65076acea2",
          "name": "Larry Shapiro",
          "quality": 4.445878372979523,
          "quality_count": 81,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/LARRY_SHAPIRO"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_6e6bd14a0a58851d87a1b0b6",
          "name": "Steven Nadler",
          "quality": 4.3847532677413925,
          "quality_count": 46,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/STEVEN_NADLER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_62a291c3789661c450c3cf50",
          "name": "Harry Brighouse",
          "quality": 4.320598844807286,
          "quality_count": 53,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HARRY_BRIGHOUSE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_64b1a465fafbbb0acb1a41f6",
          "name": "Michael Titelbaum",
          "quality": 4.283047643349683,
          "quality_count": 37,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MICHAEL_TITELBAUM"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_010858ea8245015bb743ad89",
          "name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
          "quality": 4.281023828762943,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/RUSS_SHAFER-LANDAU"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_77d9925c5b5538a873ee99a3",
          "name": "Peter Vranas",
          "quality": 4.042690495429611,
          "quality_count": 52,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PETER_VRANAS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_01c3a0c97a405e33b7caada3",
          "name": "Jesse Steinberg",
          "quality": 3.976963304883769,
          "quality_count": 15,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JESSE_STEINBERG"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_cd0723ef8962104e931c2b80",
          "name": "Bruno Whittle",
          "quality": 3.8548428917732975,
          "quality_count": 20,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/BRUNO_WHITTLE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_2888f6829e692d97678f799a",
          "name": "Annina Loets",
          "quality": 3.8252641112403607,
          "quality_count": 13,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNINA_LOETS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_7bbfb2e3c3ecdd1e6a9fa3e7",
          "name": "Annette Zimmermann",
          "quality": 3.788478801917079,
          "quality_count": 17,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ANNETTE_ZIMMERMANN"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_c48098ca387a2eedac71f822",
          "name": "Alexander Meehan",
          "quality": 3.7677486268372764,
          "quality_count": 5,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ALEXANDER_MEEHAN"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_08807cd2ac44bfb0e40a41b3",
          "name": "Alexander Roberts",
          "quality": 3.765300540376962,
          "quality_count": 9,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ALEXANDER_ROBERTS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_481e7d027d216e74340d06bd",
          "name": "Martha Gibson",
          "quality": 3.746528890116297,
          "quality_count": 74,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/MARTHA_GIBSON"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_3f22d0d457a549aedee5725b",
          "name": "Emily Fletcher",
          "quality": 3.6988132223315873,
          "quality_count": 19,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/EMILY_FLETCHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_2e27d38012ede39bdf36c428",
          "name": "Paula Gottlieb",
          "quality": 3.682845014275147,
          "quality_count": 27,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/PAULA_GOTTLIEB"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_896da6e58a92d24711a6a370",
          "name": "Farid Masrour",
          "quality": 3.501602514585476,
          "quality_count": 26,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/FARID_MASROUR"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_0a97473a2b67c95f5f7cc68b",
          "name": "Aja Watkins",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/AJA_WATKINS"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_b1d8d6f6e60e1d7c8484b25a",
          "name": "Elliott Sober",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ELLIOTT_SOBER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_513edfe415d65420ea8279ed",
          "name": "Henry Southgate",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/HENRY_SOUTHGATE"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_e39149f0f2d81ed7d47ba445",
          "name": "J. Kelleher",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/J_KELLEHER"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_3de0e143212e4712cccb7bcb",
          "name": "Jamie Goodrich",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JAMIE_GOODRICH"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_d7cdc1292e3879c3eecb87b2",
          "name": "John Mackay",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/JOHN_MACKAY"
        },
        {
          "course_uid": "course_289e73f4cd1b9bba4f865556",
          "uid": "instructor_78142d2b6f74e24454150c31",
          "name": "Rob Streiffer",
          "quality": null,
          "quality_count": null,
          "instructor_url": "/instructors/ROB_STREIFFER"
        }
      ],
      "instructorHistory": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "courseComparison": {
        "counts": [
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0,
          0
        ],
        "count": 0,
        "gpa": null,
        "topShare": null
      },
      "claim": null,
      "reviewFiles": []
    }
  }
]
```

## reviews

### items

```json
[
  {
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:08:51.802438+00:00",
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTQyODQzNTY2",
    "source_instructor_id": "rmp:542496",
    "instructor_name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
    "course_label": "PHIL241",
    "course_id": null,
    "course_uid": null,
    "review_date": "2026-04-15 17:45:06 +0000 UTC",
    "comment": "Loved having Russ as a professor",
    "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496",
    "quality_rating": 5,
    "difficulty_rating": 1
  },
  {
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:08:51.802438+00:00",
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTQyNzAxMDUz",
    "source_instructor_id": "rmp:542496",
    "instructor_name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
    "course_label": "PHIL241",
    "course_id": null,
    "course_uid": null,
    "review_date": "2026-03-15 22:02:12 +0000 UTC",
    "comment": "The greatest of all time",
    "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496",
    "quality_rating": 5,
    "difficulty_rating": 3
  },
  {
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:08:51.802438+00:00",
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTQyNjgyMzU0",
    "source_instructor_id": "rmp:542496",
    "instructor_name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
    "course_label": "241",
    "course_id": null,
    "course_uid": null,
    "review_date": "2026-03-10 02:59:09 +0000 UTC",
    "comment": "AMAZING LECTURER! I loved this course, so engaging. Only critique is it is difficult to get an A, any receive ABs/Bs. I enjoyed the format of the exams; essay formats in-person, but giving ideas of what we would be writing about beforehand and was open to interpretation based on your opinions of different theories. ",
    "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496",
    "quality_rating": 5,
    "difficulty_rating": 3
  },
  {
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:08:51.802438+00:00",
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTQxMTIzMzQ4",
    "source_instructor_id": "rmp:542496",
    "instructor_name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
    "course_label": "PHIL241",
    "course_id": null,
    "course_uid": null,
    "review_date": "2025-05-01 20:11:05 +0000 UTC",
    "comment": "Professor gave incredible lectures that made material very easy to understand. Didn't do a single reading and still got a high A. Super funny and very open to questions and discussions during and after class. \nThe grade was decided mainly on our final exams (papers) but they were graded very leniently and weren't long at all (less than one page). ",
    "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496",
    "quality_rating": 5,
    "difficulty_rating": 1
  },
  {
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:08:51.802438+00:00",
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTQxMTIxMjc3",
    "source_instructor_id": "rmp:542496",
    "instructor_name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
    "course_label": "PHIL241",
    "course_id": null,
    "course_uid": null,
    "review_date": "2025-05-01 18:34:26 +0000 UTC",
    "comment": "outstanding passionate teacher",
    "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496",
    "quality_rating": 5,
    "difficulty_rating": 2
  },
  {
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:08:51.802438+00:00",
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTQwMzY0Mzc5",
    "source_instructor_id": "rmp:542496",
    "instructor_name": "Russ Shafer-Landau",
    "course_label": "241",
    "course_id": null,
    "course_uid": null,
    "review_date": "2024-12-18 17:08:52 +0000 UTC",
    "comment": "Russ is fantastic, he makes lecture fun and worth coming to. My two critiques are that there are so many readings (as expected but just a lot), and the fact that it's really easy to get a B but super difficult to get an A. The in-class quizzes were so hard, but the papers were always graded with some grace. Very sweet guy though.",
    "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/542496",
    "quality_rating": 4,
    "difficulty_rating": 3
  }
]
```

### total

52

### page

1

### courses

| course\_uid                      | course\_id |
| -------------------------------- | ---------- |
| course\_badd2b5c09509247a930e344 | PHILOS 241 |
| course\_eea85533574086c8566255b9 | PHILOS 341 |

### matched

true

## social Image

true
