# GEOG 523: Advanced Paleoecology: Species Responses to Past Environmental Change | UW–Madison

[View on UW Courses](https://uwcourses.com/courses/GEOG_523)

## Dataset

### revision

e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349

### repository

twangodev/uwcourses

### schema version

6

### importer version

7

### projection id

52a78527ff09011d88cb04c7d43867d9fbfec2930bf1dd2ec359ebd2844e0b07

### observed at

2026-09-07T15:55:43.033547+00:00

### built at

2026-09-10T19:50:42.743001+00:00

### courses

8951

### current instructors

5754

### limited

false

### terms

* 1272
* 1264
* 1262
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* 1252
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* 1242
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* 1232
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* 1222
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* 1194
* 1192
* 1184
* 1182
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* 1172
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### term

1272

### departments

| subject   | count |
| --------- | ----- |
| AAE       | 90    |
| ABT       | 20    |
| ACCTIS    | 36    |
| ACTSCI    | 14    |
| AFAERO    | 10    |
| AFRICAN   | 87    |
| AFROAMER  | 71    |
| AGROECOL  | 21    |
| AMERIND   | 53    |
| ANAT\&PHY | 7     |
| ANATOMY   | 2     |
| ANESTHES  | 8     |
| ANSCI     | 57    |
| ANTHRO    | 95    |
| ART       | 125   |
| ARTED     | 10    |
| ARTHIST   | 121   |
| ASIALANG  | 129   |
| ASIAN     | 109   |
| ASIANAM   | 28    |
| ASTRON    | 38    |
| ATMOCN    | 69    |
| BIOCHEM   | 51    |
| BIOCORE   | 10    |
| BIOLOGY   | 14    |
| BIOMDSCI  | 18    |
| BME       | 66    |
| BMI       | 41    |
| BMOLCHEM  | 10    |
| BOTANY    | 69    |
| BSE       | 44    |
| C\&ESOC   | 73    |
| CBE       | 48    |
| CHEM      | 101   |
| CHICLA    | 52    |
| CIVENGR   | 133   |
| CLASSICS  | 47    |
| CNP       | 10    |
| CNSRSCI   | 50    |
| COMARTS   | 137   |
| COMPBIO   | 15    |
| COMPLIT   | 11    |
| COMPSCI   | 138   |
| COUNPSY   | 78    |
| CRB       | 19    |
| CS\&D     | 71    |
| CSCS      | 40    |
| CURRIC    | 193   |
| DANCE     | 93    |
| DERM      | 8     |
| DS        | 88    |
| DYSCI     | 35    |
| ECE       | 155   |
| ECON      | 145   |
| EDPOL     | 114   |
| EDPSYCH   | 97    |
| ELPA      | 70    |
| EMA       | 53    |
| EMERMED   | 17    |
| ENGL      | 206   |
| ENTOM     | 40    |
| ENVIRST   | 148   |
| EP        | 15    |
| EPD       | 67    |
| ESL       | 16    |
| F\&WECOL  | 60    |
| FAMMED    | 22    |
| FINANCE   | 50    |
| FOLKLORE  | 40    |
| FOODSCI   | 43    |
| FRENCH    | 63    |
| GEN\&WS   | 145   |
| GENBUS    | 72    |
| GENECSLR  | 17    |
| GENETICS  | 60    |
| GEOG      | 113   |
| GEOSCI    | 83    |
| GERMAN    | 82    |
| GLE       | 48    |
| GNS       | 38    |
| GREEK     | 27    |
| HDFS      | 41    |
| HEBR-BIB  | 13    |
| HEBR-MOD  | 10    |
| HISTORY   | 233   |
| HISTSCI   | 56    |
| HONCOL    | 13    |
| ILS       | 43    |
| INFOSYS   | 9     |
| INTEGART  | 7     |
| INTEGSCI  | 22    |
| INTER-AG  | 18    |
| INTER-HE  | 11    |
| INTER-LS  | 22    |
| INTEREGR  | 16    |
| INTLBUS   | 21    |
| INTLST    | 50    |
| ISYE      | 83    |
| ITALIAN   | 53    |
| JEWISH    | 56    |
| JOURN     | 88    |
| KINES     | 128   |
| LACIS     | 26    |
| LANDARC   | 61    |
| LATIN     | 24    |
| LAW       | 120   |
| LEGALST   | 48    |
| LINGUIS   | 35    |
| LIS       | 89    |
| LITTRANS  | 78    |
| LSC       | 52    |
| M\&ENVTOX | 7     |
| MARKETNG  | 62    |
| MATH      | 153   |
| MDGENET   | 8     |
| ME        | 130   |
| MEDHIST   | 43    |
| MEDICINE  | 60    |
| MEDIEVAL  | 32    |
| MEDPHYS   | 39    |
| MEDSC-M   | 29    |
| MEDSC-V   | 41    |
| MHR       | 68    |
| MICROBIO  | 45    |
| MILSCI    | 16    |
| MM\&I     | 22    |
| MOLBIOL   | 6     |
| MS\&E     | 59    |
| MUSIC     | 165   |
| MUSPERF   | 126   |
| NAVSCI    | 20    |
| NE        | 44    |
| NEURODPT  | 11    |
| NEUROL    | 7     |
| NEURSURG  | 4     |
| NTP       | 11    |
| NURSING   | 111   |
| NUTRSCI   | 65    |
| OBS\&GYN  | 18    |
| OCCTHER   | 39    |
| ONCOLOGY  | 14    |
| OPHTHALM  | 5     |
| OTM       | 43    |
| PATH      | 34    |
| PATH-BIO  | 29    |
| PEDIAT    | 26    |
| PHARMACY  | 31    |
| PHILOS    | 77    |
| PHMCOL-M  | 11    |
| PHMPRAC   | 45    |
| PHMSCI    | 60    |
| PHYASST   | 37    |
| PHYSICS   | 88    |
| PHYSIOL   | 3     |
| PHYTHER   | 37    |
| PLANTSCI  | 52    |
| PLPATH    | 35    |
| POLISCI   | 192   |
| POPHLTH   | 58    |
| PORTUG    | 33    |
| PSYCH     | 101   |
| PSYCHIAT  | 22    |
| PUBAFFR   | 54    |
| PUBLHLTH  | 23    |
| RADIOL    | 11    |
| REALEST   | 41    |
| RELIGST   | 90    |
| RHABMED   | 9     |
| RMI       | 24    |
| RP\&SE    | 102   |
| S\&APHM   | 17    |
| SCANDST   | 73    |
| SLAVIC    | 89    |
| SOC       | 149   |
| SOCWORK   | 87    |
| SOILSCI   | 46    |
| SPANISH   | 83    |
| SRMED     | 21    |
| STAT      | 94    |
| STDYABRD  | 52    |
| STS       | 8     |
| SURGERY   | 25    |
| SURGSCI   | 33    |
| THEATRE   | 91    |
| URBRPL    | 60    |
| UROLOGY   | 5     |
| ZOOLOGY   | 89    |

## course

### run id

20260907T155543-ce3781c4

### semester

1272

### observed at

2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00

### record version id

da47b8359a61cfe96048044544201f5d3c6d311836fcbdcaeb5caef5d98cd836

### course id

GEOG 523

### course uid

course\_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059

### catalog version id

0b12054fd0d69109e81c1935c046a517f29b6b40e4f5185976c68ff7efa7bdab

### course number

523

### subjects

* GEOG

### title

ADVANCED PALEOECOLOGY: SPECIES RESPONSES TO PAST ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

### description

Geographic and temporal responses of plant species and terrestrial ecosystems to the major environmental changes of the last 1,000,000 to 1,000 years, particularly glacial-interglacial changes in climate, carbon dioxide, and the end-Pleistocene extinctions of large animals. Key concepts include novel and no-analog ecosystems, abrupt climate and ecological change, and megaherbivore-vegetation interactions. This time period is of direct interest to global change ecologists and biogeographers studying species responses to 21st-century climate change. Hands-on practice emphasizes multivariate data analysis and quantitative paleoecological inference.

### requirements text

Junior standing

### credits min

3

### credits max

3

### credit offering ids

* 1272:416:022723

### llm job id

enrich-8b774950c2b6adfdc46d1b82

### llm output id

f18ff63565adcfa70b24ed6a6b906562a396ad88ab0beec87d63e1bef95dbf6b

### llm model

nvidia/Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-NVFP4

### llm model revision

1355db6a052410cfd62085d94b58866fd0f2c3c5

### llm task version

14

### llm search status

valid

### llm summary

GEOG 523 examines species and ecosystem responses to environmental changes over the last million years, focusing on climate shifts and extinctions.

### llm topics

* Glacial-interglacial climate and carbon dioxide changes
* Novel ecosystems and abrupt ecological change
* Megaherbivore-vegetation interactions

### llm skills

* Multivariate data analysis and quantitative paleoecological inference

### llm assumed background

None recorded.

### llm search phrases

* paleoecology multivariate analysis
* glacial interglacial climate change
* megaherbivore vegetation interactions
* no-analog ecosystems

### llm requirements status

valid

### llm student summary status

valid

### llm experience status

insufficient\_evidence

### catalog variants

None recorded.

### student summary

#### context hash

a1c84f31bf85c31f0787fbe2e287416d312408b5d3ec223047bbe14baa6567a6

#### course id

GEOG 523

#### current instructors

```json
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    "message": "No course-specific reviews available",
    "name": "Jack Williams",
    "review_status": "no_course_reviews",
    "rmp_instructor_id": "rmp:809546",
    "summary": [
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            },
            "table": "section_grades_latest",
            "term_id": "1232",
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        ],
        "text": "Recent recorded grades — Spring 2013: 3.80 GPA, 100.0% A/AB (n=5 letter grades); Fall 2020: 3.77 GPA, 90.9% A/AB (n=11 letter grades); Fall 2022: 3.93 GPA, 100.0% A/AB (n=7 letter grades)."
      }
    ]
  }
]
```

#### difficulty workload

None recorded.

#### errors

None recorded.

#### historical context

None recorded.

#### message

No course-specific reviews available

#### offered

true

#### profile hash

5cb4dabf887cdbcd8c00d5a1312e10828b95c63f30bc3ea76aea199565390d02

#### quick take

Recent recorded grades — Spring 2013: 3.80 GPA, 100.0% A/AB (n=5 letter grades); Fall 2020: 3.77 GPA, 90.9% A/AB (n=11 letter grades); Fall 2022: 3.93 GPA, 100.0% A/AB (n=7 letter grades).

```json
{
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      "table": "grades_latest",
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```

#### student experience

None recorded.

#### task hash

74fb0997943e888960bbc9e47db8c4fd12e4292d55c20509d8d89db6a9910f68

#### teaching history

JACK WILLIAMS is recorded teaching in Spring 2008, Spring 2010, Spring 2013, Fall 2020, Fall 2022. Recorded history may be incomplete and does not establish a future schedule.

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      "table": "section_grades_latest",
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}
```

#### term id

1272

#### term name

2026 Fall

#### version

2

### requirements

#### nodes

```json
[
  {
    "children": [],
    "condition": "Junior standing",
    "course": null,
    "evidence": "Junior standing",
    "id": "n0",
    "kind": "condition"
  }
]
```

#### notes

None recorded.

#### root

n0

#### status

parsed

### instructors

```json
[
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    "instructor_uid": "instructor_2b67bd5e781ff0835210fc99",
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    "source_instructor_id": "jwwilliams1",
    "identity_basis": "netid",
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    "name": "Jack Williams",
    "email": "JWWILLIAMS1@WISC.EDU",
    "first_observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "last_observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "ratings": {
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      "difficulty": 2.88,
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      "match_basis": "exact_name",
      "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:35:19.884085+00:00",
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    "instructor_url": "/instructors/JACK_WILLIAMS"
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]
```

### offerings

```json
[
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "offering_id": "1272:416:022723",
    "course_id": "GEOG 523",
    "course_uid": "course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059",
    "term_id": "1272",
    "source_course_id": "022723",
    "source_subject_id": "416",
    "title": "Advanced Paleoecology: Species Responses to Past Environmental Change",
    "credits_min": 3,
    "credits_max": 3,
    "typically_offered": "Fall, Spring"
  }
]
```

### sections

```json
[
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    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "section_uid": "uw-section:1272:36341",
    "term_id": "1272",
    "source_section_id": "36341",
    "identity_basis": "class_number",
    "section_number": "001",
    "section_type": "LEC",
    "instruction_mode": "Classroom Instruction",
    "capacity": 15,
    "enrolled": 9,
    "waitlisted": 0,
    "start_date": "2026-09-02 05:00:00+00:00",
    "end_date": "2026-12-09 06:00:00+00:00"
  }
]
```

### grade instructors

```json
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    "email": null,
    "first_observed_at": "2026-09-06 23:14:58.172943+00:00",
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    "grade_statistics": {
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      "sections": 160
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    "name": "Jack Williams",
    "email": "JWWILLIAMS1@WISC.EDU",
    "first_observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "last_observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "ratings": {
      "review_count": 59,
      "quality": 3.95,
      "difficulty": 2.88,
      "quality_count": 59,
      "difficulty_count": 59,
      "profile_id": "rmp:809546",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/809546",
      "match_basis": "exact_name",
      "observed_at": "2026-09-07 16:35:19.884085+00:00",
      "courses": {
        "course_b850d5b4746311f8d8c00fa2": {
          "review_count": 24,
          "quality": 4.17,
          "difficulty": 2.46,
          "quality_count": 24,
          "difficulty_count": 24
        },
        "course_0ab1d20e0a0bd3b0dca2922a": {
          "review_count": 2,
          "quality": 4.5,
          "difficulty": 3,
          "quality_count": 2,
          "difficulty_count": 2
        },
        "course_256f6b490c833ed87315abd3": {
          "review_count": 4,
          "quality": 4,
          "difficulty": 4,
          "quality_count": 4,
          "difficulty_count": 4
        }
      },
      "bayesian_quality": 3.8765027300117962,
      "prior_mean": 3.6596857835465957,
      "prior_weight": 20
    },
    "instructor_url": "/instructors/JACK_WILLIAMS"
  }
]
```

### grades

```json
[
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "GEOG 523",
    "course_uid": "course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059",
    "term_id": "1084",
    "term_name": "Spring 2008",
    "instructors": [
      "Jack Williams"
    ],
    "a": 0,
    "ab": 0,
    "b": 0,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 0,
    "source_aliases": [
      "GEOG 523"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "GEOG 523",
    "course_uid": "course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059",
    "term_id": "1104",
    "term_name": "Spring 2010",
    "instructors": [
      "Jack Williams"
    ],
    "a": 3,
    "ab": 3,
    "b": 0,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 6,
    "source_aliases": [
      "GEOG 523"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "GEOG 523",
    "course_uid": "course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059",
    "term_id": "1134",
    "term_name": "Spring 2013",
    "instructors": [
      "Jack Williams"
    ],
    "a": 3,
    "ab": 2,
    "b": 0,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 1,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 1,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 7,
    "source_aliases": [
      "GEOG 523"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "GEOG 523",
    "course_uid": "course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059",
    "term_id": "1212",
    "term_name": "Fall 2020",
    "instructors": [
      "Jack Williams"
    ],
    "a": 7,
    "ab": 3,
    "b": 1,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 11,
    "source_aliases": [
      "GEOG 523"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "GEOG 523",
    "course_uid": "course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059",
    "term_id": "1232",
    "term_name": "Fall 2022",
    "instructors": [
      "Jack Williams"
    ],
    "a": 6,
    "ab": 1,
    "b": 0,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 7,
    "source_aliases": [
      "GEOG 523"
    ]
  }
]
```

### statistics

#### gpa

3.81

#### graded

29

#### counts

* 19
* 9
* 1
* 0
* 0
* 0
* 0

### grade conflicts

None recorded.

### evidence

#### history

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/history/course\_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/history/course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json)

#### traces

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/traces/course\_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/traces/course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json)

#### meetings

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/meetings/course\_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/meetings/course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json)

#### results

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/results/course\_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/results/course_21b57a5ed3e4ef8ca3a41059-0.json)

### revision

e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349

## context

### all

#### term



#### gpa

3.810344827586207

#### count

29

#### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| GEOG    |            |

### terms

#### 1104

##### term

1104

##### gpa

3.75

##### count

6

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| GEOG    |            |

#### 1134

##### term

1134

##### gpa

3.8

##### count

5

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| GEOG    |            |

#### 1212

##### term

1212

##### gpa

3.772727272727273

##### count

11

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| GEOG    |            |

#### 1232

##### term

1232

##### gpa

3.9285714285714284

##### count

7

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| GEOG    |            |

### benchmarks

#### all

##### school

###### size

2786

###### gpa

3.5983991009169216

###### top Share

78.08455102593756

###### count

87

##### GEOG

###### size

43

###### gpa

3.432592938213124

###### top Share

68.71010051297503

###### count

104

#### terms

##### 1084

###### school

###### size

720

###### gpa

3.3670742938849725

###### top Share

63.42064564712246

###### count

70

###### GEOG

###### size

17

###### gpa

3.196948914558246

###### top Share

54.39209675065966

###### count

73

##### 1104

###### school

###### size

793

###### gpa

3.384661458923085

###### top Share

64.6614752434143

###### count

66

###### GEOG

###### size

15

###### gpa

3.1102228035496395

###### top Share

49.28661467270227

###### count

73

##### 1134

###### school

###### size

852

###### gpa

3.4138934207568203

###### top Share

66.35946578182744

###### count

66

###### GEOG

###### size

16

###### gpa

3.1949847382082988

###### top Share

50.73507925415191

###### count

72

##### 1212

###### school

###### size

1111

###### gpa

3.5856416028074487

###### top Share

77.58926748660845

###### count

68

###### GEOG

###### size

19

###### gpa

3.5848710600704585

###### top Share

79.56717101308115

###### count

69

##### 1232

###### school

###### size

1216

###### gpa

3.575457431972425

###### top Share

77.33712216234007

###### count

66

###### GEOG

###### size

21

###### gpa

3.531015747669934

###### top Share

78.08327879080488

###### count

85

## instructor Trends

```json
[
  {
    "uid": "instructor_071a449212227623682f58b3",
    "name": "JACK WILLIAMS",
    "count": 29,
    "terms": [
      {
        "term": "1104",
        "count": 6,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.75
      },
      {
        "term": "1134",
        "count": 5,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.8
      },
      {
        "term": "1212",
        "count": 11,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.772727272727273
      },
      {
        "term": "1232",
        "count": 7,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.9285714285714284
      }
    ]
  }
]
```

## following

None recorded.
