# ECE 436: Communication Systems I | UW–Madison

[View on UW Courses](https://uwcourses.com/courses/ECE_436)

## Dataset

### revision

e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349

### repository

twangodev/uwcourses

### schema version

6

### importer version

7

### projection id

52a78527ff09011d88cb04c7d43867d9fbfec2930bf1dd2ec359ebd2844e0b07

### observed at

2026-09-07T15:55:43.033547+00:00

### built at

2026-09-10T19:50:42.743001+00:00

### courses

8951

### current instructors

5754

### limited

false

### terms

* 1272
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* 1242
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### term

1272

### departments

| subject   | count |
| --------- | ----- |
| AAE       | 90    |
| ABT       | 20    |
| ACCTIS    | 36    |
| ACTSCI    | 14    |
| AFAERO    | 10    |
| AFRICAN   | 87    |
| AFROAMER  | 71    |
| AGROECOL  | 21    |
| AMERIND   | 53    |
| ANAT\&PHY | 7     |
| ANATOMY   | 2     |
| ANESTHES  | 8     |
| ANSCI     | 57    |
| ANTHRO    | 95    |
| ART       | 125   |
| ARTED     | 10    |
| ARTHIST   | 121   |
| ASIALANG  | 129   |
| ASIAN     | 109   |
| ASIANAM   | 28    |
| ASTRON    | 38    |
| ATMOCN    | 69    |
| BIOCHEM   | 51    |
| BIOCORE   | 10    |
| BIOLOGY   | 14    |
| BIOMDSCI  | 18    |
| BME       | 66    |
| BMI       | 41    |
| BMOLCHEM  | 10    |
| BOTANY    | 69    |
| BSE       | 44    |
| C\&ESOC   | 73    |
| CBE       | 48    |
| CHEM      | 101   |
| CHICLA    | 52    |
| CIVENGR   | 133   |
| CLASSICS  | 47    |
| CNP       | 10    |
| CNSRSCI   | 50    |
| COMARTS   | 137   |
| COMPBIO   | 15    |
| COMPLIT   | 11    |
| COMPSCI   | 138   |
| COUNPSY   | 78    |
| CRB       | 19    |
| CS\&D     | 71    |
| CSCS      | 40    |
| CURRIC    | 193   |
| DANCE     | 93    |
| DERM      | 8     |
| DS        | 88    |
| DYSCI     | 35    |
| ECE       | 155   |
| ECON      | 145   |
| EDPOL     | 114   |
| EDPSYCH   | 97    |
| ELPA      | 70    |
| EMA       | 53    |
| EMERMED   | 17    |
| ENGL      | 206   |
| ENTOM     | 40    |
| ENVIRST   | 148   |
| EP        | 15    |
| EPD       | 67    |
| ESL       | 16    |
| F\&WECOL  | 60    |
| FAMMED    | 22    |
| FINANCE   | 50    |
| FOLKLORE  | 40    |
| FOODSCI   | 43    |
| FRENCH    | 63    |
| GEN\&WS   | 145   |
| GENBUS    | 72    |
| GENECSLR  | 17    |
| GENETICS  | 60    |
| GEOG      | 113   |
| GEOSCI    | 83    |
| GERMAN    | 82    |
| GLE       | 48    |
| GNS       | 38    |
| GREEK     | 27    |
| HDFS      | 41    |
| HEBR-BIB  | 13    |
| HEBR-MOD  | 10    |
| HISTORY   | 233   |
| HISTSCI   | 56    |
| HONCOL    | 13    |
| ILS       | 43    |
| INFOSYS   | 9     |
| INTEGART  | 7     |
| INTEGSCI  | 22    |
| INTER-AG  | 18    |
| INTER-HE  | 11    |
| INTER-LS  | 22    |
| INTEREGR  | 16    |
| INTLBUS   | 21    |
| INTLST    | 50    |
| ISYE      | 83    |
| ITALIAN   | 53    |
| JEWISH    | 56    |
| JOURN     | 88    |
| KINES     | 128   |
| LACIS     | 26    |
| LANDARC   | 61    |
| LATIN     | 24    |
| LAW       | 120   |
| LEGALST   | 48    |
| LINGUIS   | 35    |
| LIS       | 89    |
| LITTRANS  | 78    |
| LSC       | 52    |
| M\&ENVTOX | 7     |
| MARKETNG  | 62    |
| MATH      | 153   |
| MDGENET   | 8     |
| ME        | 130   |
| MEDHIST   | 43    |
| MEDICINE  | 60    |
| MEDIEVAL  | 32    |
| MEDPHYS   | 39    |
| MEDSC-M   | 29    |
| MEDSC-V   | 41    |
| MHR       | 68    |
| MICROBIO  | 45    |
| MILSCI    | 16    |
| MM\&I     | 22    |
| MOLBIOL   | 6     |
| MS\&E     | 59    |
| MUSIC     | 165   |
| MUSPERF   | 126   |
| NAVSCI    | 20    |
| NE        | 44    |
| NEURODPT  | 11    |
| NEUROL    | 7     |
| NEURSURG  | 4     |
| NTP       | 11    |
| NURSING   | 111   |
| NUTRSCI   | 65    |
| OBS\&GYN  | 18    |
| OCCTHER   | 39    |
| ONCOLOGY  | 14    |
| OPHTHALM  | 5     |
| OTM       | 43    |
| PATH      | 34    |
| PATH-BIO  | 29    |
| PEDIAT    | 26    |
| PHARMACY  | 31    |
| PHILOS    | 77    |
| PHMCOL-M  | 11    |
| PHMPRAC   | 45    |
| PHMSCI    | 60    |
| PHYASST   | 37    |
| PHYSICS   | 88    |
| PHYSIOL   | 3     |
| PHYTHER   | 37    |
| PLANTSCI  | 52    |
| PLPATH    | 35    |
| POLISCI   | 192   |
| POPHLTH   | 58    |
| PORTUG    | 33    |
| PSYCH     | 101   |
| PSYCHIAT  | 22    |
| PUBAFFR   | 54    |
| PUBLHLTH  | 23    |
| RADIOL    | 11    |
| REALEST   | 41    |
| RELIGST   | 90    |
| RHABMED   | 9     |
| RMI       | 24    |
| RP\&SE    | 102   |
| S\&APHM   | 17    |
| SCANDST   | 73    |
| SLAVIC    | 89    |
| SOC       | 149   |
| SOCWORK   | 87    |
| SOILSCI   | 46    |
| SPANISH   | 83    |
| SRMED     | 21    |
| STAT      | 94    |
| STDYABRD  | 52    |
| STS       | 8     |
| SURGERY   | 25    |
| SURGSCI   | 33    |
| THEATRE   | 91    |
| URBRPL    | 60    |
| UROLOGY   | 5     |
| ZOOLOGY   | 89    |

## course

### run id

20260907T155543-ce3781c4

### semester

1272

### observed at

2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00

### record version id

2d20ebad74c6fb0d8e5af4b6a49d733d89fe1186107bf6e6252e3e63eeecefde

### course id

ECE 436

### course uid

course\_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91

### catalog version id

ccec6db25ecbd598567b235a547ac711016d605ec5e6a7ce283070765685866e

### course number

436

### subjects

* ECE

### title

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS I

### description

Amplitude, frequency, pulse, and pulse-code modulation. Narrow-band noise representation and signal-to-noise ratios for various modulation schemes. Pulse shaping, timing recovery, carrier synchronization, and equalization. Sampling, quantization and coding.

### requirements text

(E C E 203or330), graduate/professional standing, or member of Engineering Guest Students

### credits min

3

### credits max

3

### credit offering ids

* 1272:320:006375

### llm job id

enrich-f516c4d3e82cfe326b4f5f54

### llm output id

54ba0b2c81dc751a78abbac10005ded94fb3b8a75b51cd9df4baa65866383ef0

### llm model

nvidia/Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-NVFP4

### llm model revision

1355db6a052410cfd62085d94b58866fd0f2c3c5

### llm task version

14

### llm search status

valid

### llm summary

Communication Systems I covers modulation, noise analysis, synchronization, and sampling techniques.

### llm topics

* Modulation schemes (AM, FM, PM, PCM)
* Noise representation and SNR
* Pulse shaping and synchronization
* Sampling and quantization

### llm skills

* Understanding various modulation schemes including AM, FM, PM, and PCM.
* Analyzing noise impact and signal-to-noise ratios in communication systems.
* Implementing pulse shaping, timing recovery, carrier synchronization, and equalization techniques.
* Applying sampling, quantization, and coding principles.

### llm assumed background

* Foundational knowledge in signals, information theory, and system analysis via Fourier and Laplace transforms.

### llm search phrases

* communication systems modulation
* signal processing Fourier transform
* ECE 436 communication theory
* amplitude frequency modulation
* pulse code modulation

### llm requirements status

valid

### llm student summary status

valid

### llm experience status

valid

### catalog variants

None recorded.

### student summary

#### context hash

4d4c293cc5d52f0981a0534809ac2cebe8475d694e68f8d464ff5ec785d51701

#### course id

ECE 436

#### current instructors

```json
[
  {
    "instructor_uid": "instructor_17ad9703a339fc48f01aeb0e",
    "message": null,
    "name": "Paul Milenkovic",
    "review_status": "supported",
    "rmp_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
    "summary": [
      {
        "citations": [
          {
            "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
            "review_date": "2020-09-08 16:41:15 +0000 UTC",
            "review_id": "56a5bbf23f219eff18619118",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
            "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTMzNjM0NzUy",
            "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
            "type": "review"
          },
          {
            "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
            "review_date": "2020-10-25 18:00:22 +0000 UTC",
            "review_id": "90228e76cd51212eb6b50d1c",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
            "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTMzNzMyMjQ3",
            "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
            "type": "review"
          },
          {
            "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
            "review_date": "2020-12-08 05:29:53 +0000 UTC",
            "review_id": "c91c3445c48bca9180124df5",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
            "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTMzOTgxNjI0",
            "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
            "type": "review"
          }
        ],
        "text": "Paul Milenkovic is accessible and generous, with students appreciating his willingness to help. However, his lectures are described as dry and his notes as disorganized, though some find the textbook sufficient to follow."
      },
      {
        "citations": [
          {
            "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
            "review_date": "2020-12-13 22:18:56 +0000 UTC",
            "review_id": "c23c84721b36bc5ce94f47c5",
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            "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
            "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTM0MDU3MzM1",
            "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
            "type": "review"
          },
          {
            "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
            "review_date": "2022-01-23 18:50:11 +0000 UTC",
            "review_id": "d6dcdf038077118385e637b8",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
            "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTM1Nzg2ODgx",
            "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
            "type": "review"
          },
          {
            "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
            "review_date": "2025-11-06 21:41:56 +0000 UTC",
            "review_id": "0c980c4ff1f8cfc2ca3e3621",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
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            "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
            "type": "review"
          }
        ],
        "text": "The final project and Java DSP software cause mixed reactions. Reviewers report confusion over project requirements, while others find the software itself difficult to use and hindering to learning."
      },
      {
        "citations": [
          {
            "course_id": "ECE 436",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
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            "source_record": {
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            },
            "table": "section_grades_latest",
            "term_id": "1252",
            "type": "grade"
          },
          {
            "course_id": "ECE 436",
            "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
            "section_number": 1,
            "source_course_id": "c7ed524b-8bc9-30d8-bff5-38c956ffd47b",
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              "source": "madgrades"
            },
            "table": "section_grades_latest",
            "term_id": "1262",
            "type": "grade"
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        ],
        "text": "Recent recorded grades — Fall 2023: 3.59 GPA, 68.8% A/AB (n=16 letter grades); Fall 2024: 3.50 GPA, 81.2% A/AB (n=32 letter grades); Fall 2025: 3.65 GPA, 83.3% A/AB (n=30 letter grades)."
      }
    ]
  }
]
```

#### difficulty workload

The final project and required Java DSP software are frequently cited as confusing and difficult to navigate.

```json
{
  "citations": [
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2020-12-13 22:18:56 +0000 UTC",
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      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTM0MDU3MzM1",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2022-01-23 18:50:11 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "d6dcdf038077118385e637b8",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTM1Nzg2ODgx",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2025-11-06 21:41:56 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "0c980c4ff1f8cfc2ca3e3621",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTQxODE5MDAw",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    }
  ]
}
```

#### errors

None recorded.

#### historical context

None recorded.

#### offered

true

#### profile hash

e59ddc7389015d0035b68cd195c939d475bf72b959b29cf12eab59b454ccaef1

#### quick take

Paul Milenkovic is consistently described as accessible and helpful, though reviews diverge sharply on his teaching effectiveness and course materials.

```json
{
  "citations": [
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2020-09-08 16:41:15 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "56a5bbf23f219eff18619118",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTMzNjM0NzUy",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2020-10-25 18:00:22 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "90228e76cd51212eb6b50d1c",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTMzNzMyMjQ3",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2020-12-08 05:29:53 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "c91c3445c48bca9180124df5",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTMzOTgxNjI0",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2020-12-13 22:18:56 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "c23c84721b36bc5ce94f47c5",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTM0MDU3MzM1",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2022-01-23 18:50:11 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "d6dcdf038077118385e637b8",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTM1Nzg2ODgx",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2023-03-08 20:44:36 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "366a6a5a3d8e243f7b45a115",
      "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
      "source_instructor_id": "rmp:131224",
      "source_review_id": "UmF0aW5nLTM3NDg5NTY4",
      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    },
    {
      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
      "review_date": "2025-11-06 21:41:56 +0000 UTC",
      "review_id": "0c980c4ff1f8cfc2ca3e3621",
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      "source_url": "https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/131224",
      "type": "review"
    }
  ]
}
```

Recent recorded grades — Fall 2023: 3.59 GPA, 68.8% A/AB (n=16 letter grades); Fall 2024: 3.50 GPA, 81.2% A/AB (n=32 letter grades); Fall 2025: 3.65 GPA, 83.3% A/AB (n=30 letter grades).

```json
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        "source": "madgrades"
      },
      "table": "grades_latest",
      "term_id": "1262",
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  ]
}
```

#### student experience

Lectures are often criticized as dry or confusing, but students note that office hours and email support are reliable resources.

```json
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      "instructor_name": "Paul Milenkovic",
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      "review_date": "2020-12-08 05:29:53 +0000 UTC",
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      "type": "review"
    }
  ]
}
```

#### task hash

74fb0997943e888960bbc9e47db8c4fd12e4292d55c20509d8d89db6a9910f68

#### teaching history

PAUL MILENKOVIC is recorded teaching in Fall 2011, Fall 2012, Fall 2018, Fall 2019, Fall 2020, Fall 2021, Fall 2022, Fall 2023, Fall 2024, Fall 2025. Recorded history may be incomplete and does not establish a future schedule.

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#### term id

1272

#### term name

2026 Fall

#### version

2

### requirements

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```

#### notes

None recorded.

#### root

n0

#### status

parsed

### instructors

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### offerings

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### sections

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```

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### grades

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  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1112",
    "term_name": "Fall 2010",
    "instructors": [
      "AKBAR SAYEED"
    ],
    "a": 4,
    "ab": 4,
    "b": 2,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 2,
    "d": 1,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 1,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 14,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1122",
    "term_name": "Fall 2011",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 2,
    "ab": 1,
    "b": 2,
    "bc": 1,
    "c": 1,
    "d": 3,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 10,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1132",
    "term_name": "Fall 2012",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 6,
    "ab": 1,
    "b": 5,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 12,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1152",
    "term_name": "Fall 2014",
    "instructors": [
      "AKBAR SAYEED"
    ],
    "a": 2,
    "ab": 2,
    "b": 2,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 6,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1162",
    "term_name": "Fall 2015",
    "instructors": [
      "AKBAR SAYEED"
    ],
    "a": 4,
    "ab": 1,
    "b": 5,
    "bc": 4,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 14,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1172",
    "term_name": "Fall 2016",
    "instructors": [
      "AKBAR SAYEED"
    ],
    "a": 4,
    "ab": 2,
    "b": 1,
    "bc": 1,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 1,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 9,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1192",
    "term_name": "Fall 2018",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 11,
    "ab": 2,
    "b": 0,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 13,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1202",
    "term_name": "Fall 2019",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 5,
    "ab": 6,
    "b": 2,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 1,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 14,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1212",
    "term_name": "Fall 2020",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 12,
    "ab": 6,
    "b": 4,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 1,
    "d": 1,
    "f": 1,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 25,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1222",
    "term_name": "Fall 2021",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 9,
    "ab": 3,
    "b": 13,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 25,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1232",
    "term_name": "Fall 2022",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 12,
    "ab": 12,
    "b": 6,
    "bc": 4,
    "c": 1,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 1,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 36,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1242",
    "term_name": "Fall 2023",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 8,
    "ab": 3,
    "b": 5,
    "bc": 0,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 16,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1252",
    "term_name": "Fall 2024",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 18,
    "ab": 8,
    "b": 1,
    "bc": 2,
    "c": 2,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 1,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 32,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  },
  {
    "run_id": "20260907T155543-ce3781c4",
    "semester": "1272",
    "observed_at": "2026-09-07 15:55:43.033547+00:00",
    "course_id": "ECE 436",
    "course_uid": "course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91",
    "term_id": "1262",
    "term_name": "Fall 2025",
    "instructors": [
      "Paul Milenkovic"
    ],
    "a": 16,
    "ab": 9,
    "b": 3,
    "bc": 2,
    "c": 0,
    "d": 0,
    "f": 0,
    "satisfactory": 0,
    "unsatisfactory": 0,
    "credit": 0,
    "no_credit": 0,
    "passed": 0,
    "incomplete": 0,
    "no_work": 0,
    "not_reported": 0,
    "other": 0,
    "total": 30,
    "source_aliases": [
      "ECE 436"
    ]
  }
]
```

### statistics

#### gpa

3.363

#### graded

306

#### counts

* 127
* 72
* 59
* 26
* 10
* 7
* 5

### grade conflicts

None recorded.

### evidence

#### history

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/history/course\_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/history/course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json)

#### traces

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/traces/course\_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/traces/course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json)

#### reviews

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/reviews/course\_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/reviews/course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json)

#### meetings

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/meetings/course\_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/meetings/course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json)

#### results

* [/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/results/course\_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json](https://uwcourses.com/data/e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349/results/course_4bab507174f00d6393e58c91-0.json)

### revision

e243353dcb7d79b7247ced91d69443ef4c2a6349

## context

### all

#### term



#### gpa

3.3627450980392157

#### count

306

#### university

##### size

4076

##### gpa Percentile

16

##### count Percentile

64

##### median Count

180

##### histogram

| range   | count | current |
| ------- | ----- | ------- |
| 0.0–0.4 | 0     | false   |
| 0.4–0.8 | 0     | false   |
| 0.8–1.2 | 0     | false   |
| 1.2–1.6 | 0     | false   |
| 1.6–2.0 | 0     | false   |
| 2.0–2.4 | 0     | false   |
| 2.4–2.8 | 9     | false   |
| 2.8–3.2 | 315   | false   |
| 3.2–3.6 | 1159  | true    |
| 3.6–4.0 | 2593  | false   |

#### departments

```json
[
  {
    "subject": "ECE",
    "comparison": {
      "size": 103,
      "gpaPercentile": 23,
      "countPercentile": 55,
      "medianCount": 246,
      "histogram": [
        {
          "range": "0.0–0.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.4–0.8",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.8–1.2",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.2–1.6",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.6–2.0",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.0–2.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.4–2.8",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.8–3.2",
          "count": 13,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "3.2–3.6",
          "count": 41,
          "current": true
        },
        {
          "range": "3.6–4.0",
          "count": 49,
          "current": false
        }
      ]
    }
  }
]
```

### terms

#### 1072

##### term

1072

##### gpa

3.236842105263158

##### count

19

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1082

##### term

1082

##### gpa

2.59375

##### count

16

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1092

##### term

1092

##### gpa

2.909090909090909

##### count

11

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1102

##### term

1102

##### gpa

3.5714285714285716

##### count

7

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1112

##### term

1112

##### gpa

3.1538461538461537

##### count

13

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1122

##### term

1122

##### gpa

2.5

##### count

10

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1132

##### term

1132

##### gpa

3.5416666666666665

##### count

12

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1152

##### term

1152

##### gpa

3.5

##### count

6

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1162

##### term

1162

##### gpa

3.1785714285714284

##### count

14

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1172

##### term

1172

##### gpa

3.5625

##### count

8

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1192

##### term

1192

##### gpa

3.923076923076923

##### count

13

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1202

##### term

1202

##### gpa

3.6153846153846154

##### count

13

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1212

##### term

1212

##### gpa

3.36

##### count

25

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1222

##### term

1222

##### gpa

3.42

##### count

25

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1232

##### term

1232

##### gpa

3.3333333333333335

##### count

36

##### university

###### size

1216

###### gpa Percentile

24

###### count Percentile

14

###### median Count

66

###### histogram

| range   | count | current |
| ------- | ----- | ------- |
| 0.0–0.4 | 0     | false   |
| 0.4–0.8 | 0     | false   |
| 0.8–1.2 | 0     | false   |
| 1.2–1.6 | 0     | false   |
| 1.6–2.0 | 0     | false   |
| 2.0–2.4 | 2     | false   |
| 2.4–2.8 | 14    | false   |
| 2.8–3.2 | 174   | false   |
| 3.2–3.6 | 356   | true    |
| 3.6–4.0 | 670   | false   |

##### departments

```json
[
  {
    "subject": "ECE",
    "comparison": {
      "size": 44,
      "gpaPercentile": 40,
      "countPercentile": 16,
      "medianCount": 70,
      "histogram": [
        {
          "range": "0.0–0.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.4–0.8",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.8–1.2",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.2–1.6",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.6–2.0",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.0–2.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.4–2.8",
          "count": 1,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.8–3.2",
          "count": 10,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "3.2–3.6",
          "count": 16,
          "current": true
        },
        {
          "range": "3.6–4.0",
          "count": 17,
          "current": false
        }
      ]
    }
  }
]
```

#### 1242

##### term

1242

##### gpa

3.59375

##### count

16

##### departments

| subject | comparison |
| ------- | ---------- |
| ECE     |            |

#### 1252

##### term

1252

##### gpa

3.5

##### count

32

##### university

###### size

1333

###### gpa Percentile

32

###### count Percentile

5

###### median Count

69

###### histogram

| range   | count | current |
| ------- | ----- | ------- |
| 0.0–0.4 | 0     | false   |
| 0.4–0.8 | 0     | false   |
| 0.8–1.2 | 0     | false   |
| 1.2–1.6 | 0     | false   |
| 1.6–2.0 | 0     | false   |
| 2.0–2.4 | 0     | false   |
| 2.4–2.8 | 14    | false   |
| 2.8–3.2 | 115   | false   |
| 3.2–3.6 | 431   | true    |
| 3.6–4.0 | 773   | false   |

##### departments

```json
[
  {
    "subject": "ECE",
    "comparison": {
      "size": 44,
      "gpaPercentile": 42,
      "countPercentile": 5,
      "medianCount": 74,
      "histogram": [
        {
          "range": "0.0–0.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.4–0.8",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.8–1.2",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.2–1.6",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.6–2.0",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.0–2.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.4–2.8",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.8–3.2",
          "count": 4,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "3.2–3.6",
          "count": 23,
          "current": true
        },
        {
          "range": "3.6–4.0",
          "count": 17,
          "current": false
        }
      ]
    }
  }
]
```

#### 1262

##### term

1262

##### gpa

3.65

##### count

30

##### university

###### size

1320

###### gpa Percentile

45

###### count Percentile

0

###### median Count

70

###### histogram

| range   | count | current |
| ------- | ----- | ------- |
| 0.0–0.4 | 0     | false   |
| 0.4–0.8 | 0     | false   |
| 0.8–1.2 | 0     | false   |
| 1.2–1.6 | 0     | false   |
| 1.6–2.0 | 0     | false   |
| 2.0–2.4 | 1     | false   |
| 2.4–2.8 | 8     | false   |
| 2.8–3.2 | 133   | false   |
| 3.2–3.6 | 381   | false   |
| 3.6–4.0 | 797   | true    |

##### departments

```json
[
  {
    "subject": "ECE",
    "comparison": {
      "size": 41,
      "gpaPercentile": 68,
      "countPercentile": 0,
      "medianCount": 82,
      "histogram": [
        {
          "range": "0.0–0.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.4–0.8",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "0.8–1.2",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.2–1.6",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "1.6–2.0",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.0–2.4",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.4–2.8",
          "count": 0,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "2.8–3.2",
          "count": 8,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "3.2–3.6",
          "count": 17,
          "current": false
        },
        {
          "range": "3.6–4.0",
          "count": 16,
          "current": true
        }
      ]
    }
  }
]
```

### benchmarks

#### all

##### school

###### size

4076

###### gpa

3.655969553883817

###### top Share

81.64781620146265

###### count

180

##### ECE

###### size

103

###### gpa

3.5562560689954394

###### top Share

75.67819412389998

###### count

246

#### terms

##### 1072

###### school

###### size

723

###### gpa

3.344595727439471

###### top Share

62.012941427864526

###### count

67

###### ECE

###### size

22

###### gpa

3.1987946107674805

###### top Share

56.64446757576598

###### count

47

##### 1082

###### school

###### size

723

###### gpa

3.3583896732335172

###### top Share

62.932746798940194

###### count

68

###### ECE

###### size

20

###### gpa

3.261413632703916

###### top Share

56.446724340169375

###### count

40

##### 1092

###### school

###### size

732

###### gpa

3.374660709520374

###### top Share

63.690339324346596

###### count

70

###### ECE

###### size

18

###### gpa

3.260010533524362

###### top Share

55.57892737058536

###### count

46.5

##### 1102

###### school

###### size

774

###### gpa

3.36712622366007

###### top Share

63.703228532165696

###### count

67

###### ECE

###### size

22

###### gpa

3.165502628163506

###### top Share

51.66541549824097

###### count

48.5

##### 1112

###### school

###### size

805

###### gpa

3.3737773184830386

###### top Share

63.91039244872789

###### count

66

###### ECE

###### size

27

###### gpa

3.2587548172943666

###### top Share

57.4110194229183

###### count

42

##### 1122

###### school

###### size

804

###### gpa

3.3737149752667013

###### top Share

63.65118790117902

###### count

70

###### ECE

###### size

25

###### gpa

3.270248107160397

###### top Share

57.95297253539389

###### count

49

##### 1132

###### school

###### size

851

###### gpa

3.391128778809763

###### top Share

64.69509437122704

###### count

66

###### ECE

###### size

31

###### gpa

3.341669205733449

###### top Share

60.24866562304859

###### count

53

##### 1152

###### school

###### size

918

###### gpa

3.408733538594633

###### top Share

66.06693005846735

###### count

65

###### ECE

###### size

30

###### gpa

3.3140597882926164

###### top Share

61.06564628590848

###### count

62

##### 1162

###### school

###### size

954

###### gpa

3.43726781345039

###### top Share

68.05645304987395

###### count

64.5

###### ECE

###### size

32

###### gpa

3.319518625747047

###### top Share

59.51472818692325

###### count

68

##### 1172

###### school

###### size

991

###### gpa

3.465129042641772

###### top Share

69.42600667567366

###### count

67

###### ECE

###### size

35

###### gpa

3.3883507843058354

###### top Share

63.7905998393372

###### count

72

##### 1192

###### school

###### size

1077

###### gpa

3.50327634323125

###### top Share

72.44641925727845

###### count

67

###### ECE

###### size

38

###### gpa

3.447533461703932

###### top Share

70.3070826404184

###### count

77

##### 1202

###### school

###### size

1102

###### gpa

3.5102605987403313

###### top Share

72.78244569053733

###### count

68

###### ECE

###### size

37

###### gpa

3.4499953407109865

###### top Share

70.66752329901533

###### count

78

##### 1212

###### school

###### size

1111

###### gpa

3.5856416028074487

###### top Share

77.58926748660845

###### count

68

###### ECE

###### size

41

###### gpa

3.5390420098740205

###### top Share

74.4144228117487

###### count

66

##### 1222

###### school

###### size

1157

###### gpa

3.563052311875811

###### top Share

76.64869058732418

###### count

64

###### ECE

###### size

41

###### gpa

3.502469130958549

###### top Share

72.06914460291064

###### count

70

##### 1232

###### school

###### size

1216

###### gpa

3.575457431972425

###### top Share

77.33712216234007

###### count

66

###### ECE

###### size

44

###### gpa

3.4583903966894223

###### top Share

70.01102622146537

###### count

70

##### 1242

###### school

###### size

1295

###### gpa

3.595302892737449

###### top Share

78.36291889885307

###### count

67

###### ECE

###### size

41

###### gpa

3.4916867437115484

###### top Share

71.95296745580877

###### count

83

##### 1252

###### school

###### size

1333

###### gpa

3.619494049739118

###### top Share

79.71442190500672

###### count

69

###### ECE

###### size

44

###### gpa

3.5595929340853747

###### top Share

76.26079811550397

###### count

74

##### 1262

###### school

###### size

1320

###### gpa

3.628825763035853

###### top Share

80.21118846327654

###### count

70

###### ECE

###### size

41

###### gpa

3.5162416044524014

###### top Share

73.72561877957347

###### count

82

## instructor Trends

```json
[
  {
    "uid": "instructor_d6225ce16dbb1a6bb32b467e",
    "name": "PAUL MILENKOVIC",
    "count": 212,
    "terms": [
      {
        "term": "1122",
        "count": 10,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 2.5
      },
      {
        "term": "1132",
        "count": 12,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.5416666666666665
      },
      {
        "term": "1192",
        "count": 13,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.923076923076923
      },
      {
        "term": "1202",
        "count": 13,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.6153846153846154
      },
      {
        "term": "1212",
        "count": 25,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.36
      },
      {
        "term": "1222",
        "count": 25,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.42
      },
      {
        "term": "1232",
        "count": 36,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.3333333333333335
      },
      {
        "term": "1242",
        "count": 16,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.59375
      },
      {
        "term": "1252",
        "count": 32,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.5
      },
      {
        "term": "1262",
        "count": 30,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.65
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "uid": "instructor_dc664e0cacd0061fd1d53121",
    "name": "AKBAR SAYEED",
    "count": 94,
    "terms": [
      {
        "term": "1072",
        "count": 19,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.236842105263158
      },
      {
        "term": "1082",
        "count": 16,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 2.59375
      },
      {
        "term": "1092",
        "count": 11,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 2.909090909090909
      },
      {
        "term": "1102",
        "count": 7,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.5714285714285716
      },
      {
        "term": "1112",
        "count": 13,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.1538461538461537
      },
      {
        "term": "1152",
        "count": 6,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.5
      },
      {
        "term": "1162",
        "count": 14,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.1785714285714284
      },
      {
        "term": "1172",
        "count": 8,
        "sections": 1,
        "gpa": 3.5625
      }
    ]
  }
]
```

## following

None recorded.
